The present study was conducted to examine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil, methanol and ethanol extracts of fennel foeniculum vulgare mill. Carbonyl groups can react with amino groups of amino acid residues in proteins or in nucleotides of dna to form schiffs bases. Pdf evaluation of the essential oil of foeniculum vulgare. The fruit essential oils of 23 iranian and european sweet fennel foeniculum vulgare mill. There are two types that have commercial importance, sweet fennel foeniculum vulgare var. Sweet fennel is the preferred oil for use in aromatherapy, due to its more gentle nature. However, according to the international rules of nomenclature, the binomial name foeniculum vulgare was not validly published by hill in his reference for the reason that he did not consistently adopt the binomial system of nomenclature. The inflorescence consists of several flattopped compound umbels of small yellow flowers. The fennel essential oil and its seed extracts have been reported to exhibit antimycobacterial and anticandidal activity. The unique aroma of fennel sweet is great for easing worries, without creating sleepiness.
The essential oil is bactericidal, carminative and stimulant218. Setzer 3 and michael wink 2, id 1 department of pharmaceutical technology, avicenna tajik state medical university, rudaki 9, dushanbe 734003, tajikistan. The seed essential oil and extract yields from fennel seeds were found to be 2. Gcms analysis and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility. A number of chemical constituents and various therapeutic effects of this. The essential oil of fennel foeniculum vulgare is rich in lipophilic secondary metabolites, which can easily cross cell membranes by free diffusion. Fennel can be added to water as a satisfying alternative to sweets.
Foeniculum vulgare, essential oil, phtytoceuticals, biological activities. Successful fennel foeniculum vulgare mill production in semiarid environments depends largely on irrigation applications. Plant information taken from the plants for a future. The chemical constituents of essential oil from foeniculum vulgare are listed in table 1. Msds fennel sweet foeniculum vulgare essential oil. The chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of. It is a hardy, perennial herb with yellow flowers and feathery leaves. Foeniculum vulgare mill commonly called fennel has been used in traditional medicine for a wide range of ailments related to digestive, endocrine, reproductive, and respiratory systems. Evaluation of the essential oil of foeniculum vulgare mill fennel fruits extracted by three different extraction methods by gcms. May 07, 20 fennels name comes from the latin word foenum, meaning hay. There are 2 subspecies of fennel foeniculum vulgare var. Home page essential oil profiles sweet fennel essential oil.
Top 150 list of essential oils with free cheat sheet. The essential oils from foeniculum vulgare commercial aerial parts and fruits were isolated by hydrodistillation, with different distillation times 30 min, 1. Pdf variations in the essential oil composition of foeniculum vulgare mill. Essential oil content and composition of fennel fruits foeniculum vulgare mill. C c an activity foeniculum vulgare mill fouzia belabdelli1 alessandra piras2 nabila bekhti1 danielo falconieri2 zoubir belmokhtar3 yassin merad 1 received. Some caution is advised, see notes above on toxicity222. Foeniculum vulgare is the oldest valid name within the genus foeniculum for the plant designated by karsten as foeniculum foeniculutn. Introduction fennel arpabodiyon, local tajik name, foeniculum vulgare miller, an important member of the apiaceae, is widely used for. Sweet fennel essential oil uses and benefits aromaweb. Apiaceae is an ancient common herb and spice known to the ancient egyptians and greeks, traditionally used as a carminative, a weak diuretic and lactation stimulant. Tisserand and young note that fennel essential oil can interfere with reproductive hormone modulation, is potentially carcinogenic based on estragole content, may inhibit blood clotting, and can cause skin sensitization if oxidized. Chemical composition of essential oil compounds from the callus of fennel foeniculum vulgare miller.
Fennel foeniculum vulgare is a flowering plant species in the carrot family. Uses add a drop of fennel in water or tea when craving. Deficit irrigation studies on fennel are lacking or very limited, particularly in highaltitude environments. Chemical composition and antioxidant potential of essential oil and methanol extract from tunisian and french fennel foeniculum vulgare mill. Fennel has a rich aroma reminiscent of anise, which gives fennel oil its licoricelike scent. Foeniculum vulgare essential oil from turkey contained 74. Sweet fennel essential oil contains approximately 7080% transanethole an ether and is known for its ability to assist with digestive and menstrual concerns and for its diuretic, mucolytic and expectorant properties. Genetic variation in essential oil constituents of fennel. Pdf essential oil content and composition of fennel fruits. Essential oil constituents of different organs of fennel foeniculum. Cytotoxicity of the essential oil of fennel foeniculum vulgare from. Effects of deficit irrigation on essential oil composition and yield of fennel foeniculum vulgare mill in a highaltitude environment.
Regaliz, dulce, a miel componentes quimicos principales. Comparative analysis of antioxidant activities of essential oils and. Fennels name comes from the latin word foenum, meaning hay. The fennel essential oil has been reported to exhibit antifungal effect. Different varieties are cultivated as a spice or vegetable, for an essential oil used to flavor foods, and in some countries, for medicinal purposes. Pdf hepatoprotective effect of foeniculum vulgare essential. Here we have compiled 150 of the top essential oils available on the market, in our opinion. Skin contact with the sap or essential oil is said to cause photosensitivity andor dermatitis in some people. The essential oil contents of 10 samples of dry, ripe fennel fruits of different origin, obtained by hydrodistillation, were analysed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry gcms. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil.
Gcms analysis and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of. Foeniculum vulgare is an evergreen perennial growing to 1. The chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of foeniculum vulgare a. The history of fennel use dates back to ancient times when roman warriors were said to have consumed fennel to make them strong and. The effect of fennel foeniculum vulgare seed oil emulsion in infantile colic. The present study was conducted to assay the antioxidant activities of essential oils and ethanol extracts of fennel foeniculum vulgare mill. Essential oils are aromatic volatile oily hydrophobic concentrate fluid derived from product of plants such as seeds, leaves, twigs, buds, flowers, bark, wood, roots, fruits and whole crop, that. It is indigenous to the shores of the mediterranean but has become widely naturalized in many parts of the world, especially on dry soils near the seacoast and on riverbanks it is a highly aromatic and flavorful herb used in cookery and, along. Chemical constituents, antifungal and antioxidative. Foeniculum vulgare fennel, sweet fennel pfaf plant database. The german commission e monographs, a therapeutic guide to herbal medicine, approve foeniculum vulgare for cough, bronchitis, dyspeptic complaints see 302 for critics of commission e. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil and.
Essential oil composition, antimicrobial activity and anatomical. Foeniculum vulgare 15 ml foeniculum vulgare 15 ml aplicacion. To evaluate the essential oil of foeniculum vulgare mill for its hypoglycaemic. Pdf essential oil composition of foeniculum vulgare mill. Teabags examined 30 days after opening showed in general a loss of essential oil ranging from 4 to 10%. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by insects. Gc and gcms analysis of foeniculum vulgare volatile oil showed the presence of 35 components. This list is organized alphabetically by the common essential oil name. The essential oil of fennel fruits showed a characteristic. Ehsaneh khodadadi, saeed aharizad, seyed abolghasem mohammadi, ehsan khodadadi, mortaza kosarinasab, mohsen sabzi department of plant breeding and biotechnology, tabriz university, iran article published on november 27, 20. Steam distilled essential oil 100% hazardous components. Antidiabetic activities of foeniculum vulgare mill. Cytotoxicity of the essential oil of fennel foeniculum. The main constituents of essential oil were identified 9octadecenoic acid 18.
Thirty six components were identified by using gc representing 99. This study was conducted to determine the effects of deficit irrigation levels on the essential oil content, essential oil yield, and chemical composition of fennel. Several constituents of the oil carry reactive carbonyl groups in their ring structures. Fennel oil foeniculum vulgare doterra essential oils. Fennel sweet essential oil foeniculum vulgare 1 kilo price. Study of antibacterial, antimycobacterial, antifungal, and. Additionally, it is also used as a galactagogue agent for lactating mothers. Salinity impact on yield, water use, mineral and essential oil content of fennel foeniculum vulgare mill. Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of the.
Top 150 list of essential oils with free cheat sheet updated 2020. Fennel has demonstrated inhibitory effects on the growth of bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. It is indigenous to the shores of the mediterranean but has become widely naturalized in many parts of the world, especially on dry soils near the seacoast and on riverbanks. The main compounds in all fennel volatile oils were.
Although the seeds and oil are used in flavoring, fennels complex aroma has also made it popular in soaps, candles, and perfumes. Foeniculum vulgare 15 ml primary benefits provides a sweet, licoricehoney aroma and taste soothing aroma promotes relaxation directions for use diffusion. The aim of this study was to examine the quality of essential oil of the fruits of these two varieties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the essential oil of foeniculum vulgare subsp. Miguel mg1, cruz c, faleiro l, simoes mt, figueiredo ac. Oil cypress cupressus sempervirens eucalyptus eucalyptus radiata fennel foeniculum vulgare fir needle abies balsamea frankincense boswellia frereana geranium pelargonium graveolens ginger zingiber officinale grapefruit citrus x paradise helichrysum helichrysum italicum holy basil ocimum sanctum hyssop hyssopus officinalis. Fennel is best known for its distinct licorice aroma and taste, yet its ability to promote healthy digestion is equally noteworthy. Fennel is also known for its ability to promote healthy metabolic function, and circulation. Apr 14, 2009 the present study was conducted to examine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil, methanol and ethanol extracts of fennel foeniculum vulgare mill. There are many fennel essential oil uses, but the oil is popularly used for aromatic applications.
Essential oils were extracted from the fruits of coriandrum sativum l. Piperitum fruits extracted by three different extraction methods viz. Grown in france, italy and greece, but could have originated in malta where it may have been introduced by monks or crusaders. Fennel sweet has a sweet, spicy, earth scent that is a favorite for relieving digestive problems and menstrual discomfort. Chemical composition of essential oil compounds from the. Ingestion of the oil can cause vomiting, seizures and pulmonary oedema. Our fennel essential oil is extracted from foeniculum vulgare var. In all the germplasm lines eleven major compounds including. In this work, the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of fennel seeds was analyzed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry gcms, and 28 components were identified.
Foeniculum vulgare oil is the volatile oil obtained by steam distillation of the crushed seeds of fennel, foeniculum vulgare, umbelliferae. Chemical composition, antibacterial activity and mechanism. Hepatoprotective effect of foeniculum vulgare essential oil. With several health benefits dating back to ancient rome, fennel essential oil can still be used internally to promote healthy digestion, while exuding a unique licorice aroma and flavor.